What-If modernized USS Des Moines CA-134, USS Salem CA-139 & USS Newport News CA-148

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navydavesof
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Re: A few items:

Post by navydavesof »

Seasick wrote:They needed protection for the Tomahawk missiles which were nuclear land attack at the time of the box launcher's conception.
Excellent point, Seasick. I forgot one of the BIGGEST features of the Tomahawk was that the TLAM version would "be able to put a 200kt thermo nulcear weapon between the forks of a goal post from one-thousand miles away." - John Lehman. Upon its first employment it was immediately included in the nuclear Triad. The Soviets viewed it as a first-strike weapon and thus a very, very serious threat.
The 20 round ABL launcher was a study and the USN rejected it for various reasons.
Can you explain why? It sounds like a Mk143 ABL with two tall and ten across. What were the problems with it?
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by Russ2146 »

I just noticed a jump from Harpoon launchers to Tomahawk Launcher.

As the nuke Tomahawks were removed from service with some converted to conventional, that's not really an issue. Also, they can apparantly now be launched from the VLS. Would it be possible to place a Strike Length VLs on the main deck between the stack and the Aft fire control tower, or would that be too much weight at the center of the ship?

According to Def. Ind. Daily, the Harpoon might also be modified to launch from the VLS. In the meantime, how about placing the light weight version on the stern, two four tube mounts to a side, and pointed to fire at an angle over the beam of the ship.

The weight of the Mk 38 dual 5"/38 mount assembly was baout 96,000 lbs. The hoist room was in the barbette below the deck. The magazine was below that.
The weight of Mk 45 Mod4 mount assembly is about 44,000 lbs with the mount controls on the deck below and the ammo train running through that space to the magazine on the deck below that. If the 5" mounts were left at present locations but switched out to MK 45 Mod4, there would be no change in 5" mount weight distribution, it would just be lighter
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by Russ2146 »

Has anyone, other than Dave, seen this?

http://www.aandc.org/research/cruisers/cr_navsea.html
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by navydavesof »

Russ2146 wrote:Has anyone, other than Dave, seen this?

http://www.aandc.org/research/cruisers/cr_navsea.html
You beat me to the punch, Russ. Excellent find. I did not know they were had this posted. Man, talk about an inspiration for some of the WIF designers on here!
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by SumGui »

Great read.

I do have an issue with the supposition that "C" in "CV" was meant to represent Cruiser Armament.

According to an old BlueJackets manual (1942), the desire was to use CA for "Carrier, Aviation", but "CA" was used for "Cruiser, Armored" (Later "Heavy Cruiser"), so they took the second letter in aviation, thus aircraft carriers gained the "CV" designation. The "C" had NOTHING to do with "Cruiser armament".

V is used to denote all fixed wing aviation in the Navy. Z was used for airships ("Zeppelin"). It didn't hurt that these letters wer way down in the alphabet and had no conflicting meanings...
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by Russ2146 »

Hmmm, guess we better contact Navsea and tell them they are wrong about the the basis of their predecessor's (BuShips) reasoning was.
And I guess that the fact that the first carriers had cruiser turrets, that were removed in Hawaii after 12/7/41, doesn't count either.
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by Timmy C »

And CV-1 never carried cruiser guns anyway.
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by SumGui »

Russ2146 wrote:Hmmm, guess we better contact Navsea and tell them they are wrong about the the basis of their predecessor's (BuShips) reasoning was.
And I guess that the fact that the first carriers had cruiser turrets, that were removed in Hawaii after 12/7/41, doesn't count either.
The article never provides documentation for the following statement:

"The "C" in CV reflects the fact some of the first aircraft carriers were armed with cruiser caliber guns for self-protection and thus thought of as part of the cruiser family. The CVs lost their gun armament in favor of more aircraft but depended on gun cruiser protection (prior to all weather/day/night aircraft) when night/fog/bad weather left a carrier helpless against enemy surface combatants."

I have documentation which contradicts this. I stated it in my response which you so insultingly dismissed.

There is also documentation and anecdotal evidence that supports the "C" being used due to Carriers being based on what was considered a Cruiser hull (or perhaps cruiser size), or a Cruiser mission (Scouting was the primary role for CVs until the 1930s), but no support for the Cruiser Armament to be the deciding factor:

http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/genord_541.htm
This is GenOrd 541 dated 17 July 1920 which defined CV under the Cruiser type.

March 1920 is when Jupiter entered Norfolk for conversion to Langley (CV-1). She had no "cruiser caliber guns" nor was projected to have any fit in this conversion refit.
Lexington an Saratoga were not converted until after the Washington naval Conference of 1922, so there were NO CVs with 'Cruiser Caliber guns' when the CNO, Robert E Coontz, issued the order which defined the usage of "CV" for Aircraft Carrier.

I have now provided searchable (by everyone, not just my library) reference for the reason for the "C" in "CV" does NOT come from 'Cruiser caliber guns'. The article does not provide even one reference for the supposition that it does.

The statement "And I guess that the fact that the first carriers had cruiser turrets..." is false. The first carriers did not have cruiser turrets. CV-2 and CV-3 had "cruiser" (8" twin) turrets. The first Carrier was Langley (CV-1), and the first purpose built US CV was Ranger (CV-4), had no 'cruiser caliber guns'. The Yorktown class (CV-5,6,8), likewise, did not. That the two carriers that did commission with 8" guns came AFTER the designation system which defines "CV" further shows the implied reasoning in your post, like that of the article, to be revisionist history.

I did not state that I believe the referenced 1942 Bluejackets manual I possess to be correct. It was meant to point out that there are references which disagree with the unsupported statement of the article. Had that statement only stayed in text, and not been one of 13 conclusions, it would probably not have stuck out to me.

It is my OPINION, which is based on the timing of GenOrd 541 as well as many other references (including Freidman�s design series, which the article references 30 times), that "CV" was used because the ships were intended to operate with cruisers, and perform the cruiser role (scouting), and carried heavier than air (later, fixed wing) aviation, which was also defined in the same GenOrd. I have yet to see any support for 'cruiser caliber guns' being the deciding factor in the utilization of the letter C in CV.

This point does not diminish how much I enjoyed the rest of the article.
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by Russ2146 »

Sorry I offended you.

It is not an "article", as I read it but, rather, a study.

"SFAC Report Number 9030-04-C1 Ser 05D /68 28 March 2005

FUTURE CONCEPTS AND SURFACE SHIP DESIGN GROUP (05D)
NAVAL SEA SYSTEMS COMMAND
1333 ISAAC HULL AVENUE S.E.
WASHINGTON NAVY YARD, D.C. 20376

Sims, Philip; Bosworth, Michael; Cable, Chris; Fireman, Howard. Authors' signature page

Report Documentation Page - in Adobe pdf format

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to survey the historical roles and mission of ships called "cruisers" in preparation for a Navy study of future class of cruisers."

This thread is concerned with cruisers, not carriers, as was the study. While the carrier may have been originally intended as a scout (possibly to get funding past the battleship admirals), that changed, as did the roll of the cruiser. When the carrier replace the battleship as the primary offensive vehicle, the cruiser's roll changed also.

At any rate, what the CV stood for is immaterial to the discussion at hand, IMHO.
Russ
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by LSUfan2 »

navydavesof wrote:Hey guys,

Does anyone have any ideas for a modernized (2006) version of the USS Des Moines-class heavy cruiser? I would greatly like to know. Keith Bener's recent USS Salem was a real inspiration. I have to say, I am highly inspired to conquer the version of the USS Des Moines on which I collaborated with NAVSEA (before Des Moines was contracted for scrap).

I think most of the regulars recognize that I am a believer the Des Moines should have been reactivated and modernized instead of scrapped or made a museum.

The Des Moines design at least offers so much to the United States Navy. As reactivated (or as built as new construction as a modernized repeat of the USS Des Moines) would offer the US Navy a considerable class of ships.

The US Navy is currently suffering a HUGE void in NSFS and capital ship capability. Because battleships are far too controversial for new construction, the heavy cruiser offers far more potential. Does anyone have anyone have ideas as far as a modernized version of the Des Moines heavy cruiser?

Please Keep in Mind the Following:
- Maximum 8" battery

- Helo capability (consider there is already one supplied by the below-decks hanger. Since this might be new construction the hanger maybe expanded to accommodate more than 1 or 2 SH/HH-60 Helos below decks).

- Considerable secondary battery [Mk110 (?)( 57mm battery) or M45/Mod4 5"/62caliber gunnery]

- Passive armor protection (keep in mind that Kevlar is in direct contact with salt water so steel might be the best).

- CIWS both Phalanx Block 1B and RAM or possibly SEA RAM

I am interested to what you guys come up with. If you guys have any kinds of drawings, that would be wonderful!
-navydave

Merry Christmas!
Fascinating concept. My Dad flew helicopters off of the Des Moines when she was 6th Fleet flagship in the late 50s.

I especially like the idea of secondary armament being replaced by the new, lightweight Mk45 5"/62s. Saves on weight and manpower. I'd keep all nine 8-inch guns. The Des Moines class had the unique semi-automatic 8 inch guns and were capable of very rapid fire when all 9 guns were firing. These excellent ships were wasted national assets and could have served many more years with proper refits and modernizations.

I am pretty sure that, if your hypothetical was happening now, the CIWS would be replaced by RAM.
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by LSUfan »

ex-navy wrote:I thought the same thing when I was very young ensign in early 80's going thru damage control school at philly Navy ship yard. They where mothballed at Philly and the time the Iowa's where coming back online. My thoughts are very simple, for pure NGFS nothing says "watchout or opening a major can of whoop a_ _" as the ablity to stay on station and duration of fire. So, if the 8" could be replaced and upgrade to rapidfire mode similar that is found on the older 5"/mk45 guns. I would also forgot aboutthe MK13 or MK26 missile systems stay with a smaller VLS makes parts and maintaince easier. Helo support could be the unmanned drones they want to add to the burkes,or even better hellfire to sh-60b. The biggest problem I see is the propulsion systems, I have been out of the loop for a few years but to my knowledge they don't have BT's (bolier Tech) ratings anymore, so this class would have to be converted to gas turbine. Your thoughts...
The Des Moines class had a rapid/sustained fire capability better than any other cruiser class. They had a unique semi-automatic operating system. Their rate of fire with all 9 guns in operation was very high.
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by LSUfan »

navydavesof wrote:Hey guys,

Does anyone have any ideas for a modernized (2006) version of the USS Des Moines-class heavy cruiser? I would greatly like to know. Keith Bener's recent USS Salem was a real inspiration. I have to say, I am highly inspired to conquer the version of the USS Des Moines on which I collaborated with NAVSEA (before Des Moines was contracted for scrap).

I think most of the regulars recognize that I am a believer the Des Moines should have been reactivated and modernized instead of scrapped or made a museum.

The Des Moines design at least offers so much to the United States Navy. As reactivated (or as built as new construction as a modernized repeat of the USS Des Moines) would offer the US Navy a considerable class of ships.

The US Navy is currently suffering a HUGE void in NSFS and capital ship capability. Because battleships are far too controversial for new construction, the heavy cruiser offers far more potential. Does anyone have anyone have ideas as far as a modernized version of the Des Moines heavy cruiser?

Please Keep in Mind the Following:
- Maximum 8" battery

- Helo capability (consider there is already one supplied by the below-decks hanger. Since this might be new construction the hanger maybe expanded to accommodate more than 1 or 2 SH/HH-60 Helos below decks).

- Considerable secondary battery [Mk110 (?)( 57mm battery) or M45/Mod4 5"/62caliber gunnery]

- Passive armor protection (keep in mind that Kevlar is in direct contact with salt water so steel might be the best).

- CIWS both Phalanx Block 1B and RAM or possibly SEA RAM

I am interested to what you guys come up with. If you guys have any kinds of drawings, that would be wonderful!
-navydave

Merry Christmas!
The key to the postwar heavy cruiser design was the fully automatic 8-inch 55cal. gun. The Bureau of Ordnance (BuOrd), even prior to the war, had been working on larger guns firing cased ammunition, a 6-inch 47 dual purpose, and later (May 1943) the 8-inch 55. The automatic loading equipment on the Des Moines class allowed a much higher rate of fire (7 rounds per minute per barrel by design, about twice what previous heavy cruisers could achieve, including Boston and the Baltimores); reloading could occur at any elevation, giving even this major caliber gun a limited antiaircraft capability.

Think about it 7rds per minute per gun. 9 X 7=63. That is a tremendous amount of firepower.
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by Sr. Gopher »

LSUfan wrote:The automatic loading equipment on the Des Moines class allowed a much higher rate of fire (7 rounds per minute per barrel by design, about twice what previous heavy cruisers could achieve, including Boston and the Baltimores); reloading could occur at any elevation, giving even this major caliber gun a limited antiaircraft capability.

Think about it 7rds per minute per gun. 9 X 7=63. That is a tremendous amount of firepower.
Wait, so a cruisers with a mixed armament of 4 twin DP 6"/47s and RF 8"/55s could be considered somewhat of an AA cruiser? I think that would be useful against high altitude bombers or ships alike. Why didn't this come out on the drawing boards? It had 2 rapid-firing weapons, and they could even be used in the AA role.
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by navydavesof »

Sr. Gopher wrote:Wait, so a cruisers with a mixed armament of 4 twin DP 6"/47s and RF 8"/55s could be considered somewhat of an AA cruiser? I think that would be useful against high altitude bombers or ships alike. Why didn't this come out on the drawing boards? It had 2 rapid-firing weapons, and they could even be used in the AA role.
The Des Moines only had 8"/55s and 5"/38s. However, there was a project called the "8-inch bee-hive" radar guided projectile. They would be fired at radar targets, such as bombers, and they would seek into the targets. They were very cheap and performed well. Funding was pulled, and the system went away.
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by Sr. Gopher »

So what if the 8"/55 mark 71 was placed on lets say, the Des Moines class in the 80's. So they could infact, be a true DP platform? I think that would have been pretty efficient, considering the projectile was cheap.
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by Cliffy B »

Gopher, The Twin 6"/47 DP guns found on the Worcester and the Roanoke proved to be extremely unreliable. There's a reason we only installed them on those two ships and no one else. The guns were overly complicated and wound up jamming quite a bit. Each turret had two barrels and EACH barrel had TWO shell hoists; one for AP (surface) shells and one for VT (aerial) shells. The ships were only kept in service for around 10 years each and I've yet to find any reference to any mods or changes done to the guns to try and remedy their problems. Reverting back to a single hoist per barrel might of fixed some of it but we'll never know.

Also, there is no point in installing Mk-71s on a Des Moines class CA when they already have Mk-16 RFs. Both guns could shoot guided projectiles with little to no modifications.
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by navydavesof »

Cliffy B wrote:Also, there is no point in installing Mk-71s on a Des Moines class CA when they already have Mk-16 RFs. Both guns could shoot guided projectiles with little to no modifications.
Yeah! What he said!

Also, there's no room to put more 8" guns on the ships either. They already have 9 anyway. Like all ships, the Des Moines had her own drawbacks. Mainly it was that her guns fired so fast they could empty their magazines too fast...in about 15 minutes they fire their last round. Newport News ran into that problem in Vietnam. She sustained a full main battery fire mission for over 10 minutes, and they had to stop to conserve ammunition for self defense. But really, that's one of the only draw backs the Des Moines-class had.

There are some contributors to these threads who get hard when they think about making everything a stealth ship. There are instances where you forget that. You might Burke them out a little, but don't get too busy with it. A heavy cruiser is there to say, "Hey! HEY!!! Over here, jerk-face! Yeah, I'm looking at you, money-shot. Try...something.....I dare you." A repeat build of the Des Moines simply with accommodating technology, LM-2500 propulsion, welded hull, well positioned VLS, Phalanx, RAM, and appropriate radars, would really drop manning and vastly increase their capabilities. These ships would provide, by all means, the capital ships we need in the fleet without building new or reactivating existing battleships.
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by HvyCgn9 »

A new build ship could do away with aft turret and have a Burke style double hanger,and superstructure, double set of (2x 61)VLS cells aft of funnel and retain both fwd 8" turret's with enlarged magazines. Sort of a X-bred Burke upperworks on the Des Moines hull, with the raised bridge of the Japanese Kongo/Burke DDG. Add in 8 gas turbines for drive (They have 4 shaft's don't they??) and use the NTU radar set up for Littoral coverage and should have a kick A$%% warship!!

My 0.02cents worth

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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by navydavesof »

Hey Hvyc!
HvyCgn9 wrote:A new build ship could do away with aft turret and have a Burke style double hanger
That is true, and that is actually one of the later design propositions during the '80s for their reactivation. My question is: Why?

As carr and I have reminded ourselves a number of times in similar discussions the question on any realilistic WIF (the exercise here) is: How do you answer mission requirements? Is this supposed to be a support ship or a really powerful command ship (lots of helos and communications equipment)? Are you suggesting it have only 2 SH-60s, because if it is, only a slight modification to its current hanger's elevator will accomodate 60s, and 2 can be stored in the designed delow-deck hanger.

If its mission is supposed to be a heavy cruiser-sized helicopter carrier, a CAH, then the aft turret can go, and the hanger needs to be a lot bigger than what a Burk's gives you, such as one that can fit perhaps 2-4 CH-53s or 4-6 SH60s. If it is supposed to be a gunfire support ship however, then there is no amount of helicopters that can justify the deletion of the aft 8" mount. The above-deck hanger really adds to the cool-factor, but an above deck hanger is one of the biggest wastes of topside space, especially if you already have a hanger below decks.

I would make the case that the only reason to have a heavy cruiser like this in the first place is the fact it mounts lots of rapid fire 8" guns, the only reason that's good is because they are good support weapons, and the only reason that makes a difference is because we have absolutely no effective gunfire support capability in the Navy. That makes the only reason to initially construct one of these is as a support weapon. Granted, gunfire support would not at all be its only mission, but it would be the heart of its missions. The 8" guns are reasonably effective offensive weapons, and because an 8" HC round has the same affect on a ship as a Harpoon ASM in a sea battle they would devastate any modern enemy combatant. So while it already has a helo servicing and maintenance capability, I would say keep the after turret, expand the existing hanger if needed to accommodate 2 SH-60s and retain the aft turret. Anything else would significantly shift its role to a helicopter carrier with guns.

...Burke superstructure, double set of (2x 61)VLS cells aft of funnel and retain both fwd 8" turret's with enlarged magazines.
I am all about the enlarged magazines. That is a fine idea. Our VLS no longer has the strike down cranes (why the number was 61-cells in the first place) so they would be in modules of 8 so 32 or 64. I would break them up into 4 arrangements of 32 if we were going to have that many VLS tubes aboard. Since this is going to get into a fight with the shore, I would hate for a single hit to take out 1/2 of my missile battery.
�with the raised bridge of the Japanese Kongo/Burke DDG.
Ewww, come on man! We're not trying to make this thing ugly as sin. Why do you want the bridge to be so much higher? The Japanese did it so their SPY array could have a further radar horizon. O-4 level bridge is well high enough to see what you're shooting with gunnery, and most of the control would be below decks anyway inside of CIC. Since she needs no Aegis, and an O-6 bridge is excessive (look at the ultra high bridges on Albany and Columbus), I am curious why would you want a bridge raised so high.
Add in 8 gas turbines for drive (They have 4 shaft's don't they??)
No, they only have 2. They only have 1 as of now. Eight turbines would give them about twice as much power as they need to make 33 knots, so they would probably be able to make 38 knots or so with double the power plant. Four engines and 33 knots is great. I do think the ship needs to have 2 rudders instead of 1 though.

I would put a maximum of NTU or SPY-5 on it if cost permits. NTU is a heavy AAW system, and that makes the ship an AAW asset, too. While that gives the ship a capability very near Aegis it also might lead to mission creep.

I look forward to hearing any rebuttle!

navydave

EDIT: I do think the CAH could be a really neat looking ship, and I am going to be buliding a model of one modeled in the '80s for one of the guys who was going to refine the design for reactivation and modification at Long Beach Naval Shipyard.
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Re: Modernized USS Des Moines/Salem/Newport News

Post by HvyCgn9 »

Did some web surfin on the Des Moines class definitely 4 prop shafts (but if you built a new one could go with 2 props n 2 rudders like on USS Long Beach) given the length and beam of the class spreading the VLS cells is a good plan. I'd still have the enlarged helicopter hanger I'd make it full hull width and able to hold upto 6 SH-60 sized choppers, I would have 2 HH-60R's and 4 AH-64D's as normal deployment. The higher bridge so ya can see over the Turrets!!, Unless the standard Burke bridge is high e'nuff!
I'd still go with the full NTU fitout so the ship is capable of a fully rounded defence.
With the rate of fire from just 6 barrels the ship would still empty the magazines very fast at max. rate !
Secondary weapons I would go with a 5"62cal on the stern and a pair of port & stbd 30mm GOALKEEPER CWIS for close in defence, Goalkeeper instead of Phalanx for its extra range and the hull has no problem with the weight of the mount.

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